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Le Chatelier's Principle
Le Chatelier's Principle is a qualitative rule, which allows the prediction of the effect of temperature, pressure and concentration changes on chemical reactions. The principle states: A chemical system at equilibrium when stressed by external forces will adjust in such a way as to minimize that stress. For example when a system is subjected to increased pressure it adjusts so that it will occupy less volume. This offsets the pressure increase. If ice is placed under an increased pressure, it melts because the water obtained from a given mass of ice occupies less volume. In the formation of ammonia (the Haber process) from hydrogen and nitrogen, the product of the reaction (NH3) occupies less volume than the two uncombined gases. The increase in pressure favors the production of ammonia. This experiment is divided in to three separate reactions demonstrating how different types of stress effect equilibrium. Students are asked to predict the outcome of each situation and then prove or disprove their predictions.
Kit Includes:
- Bromothymol Blue pH Indicator Solution - 25 ml x 1 Bottle
- Potassium Thiocyanate 0.002M - 10 g x 1 Bottle
- Ferric Nitrate Solution 0.2M - 25 ml x 1 Bottle
- Potassium Thiocyanate Solution - 200 ml x 1 Bottle
- Sodium Phosphate Dibasic - 10 g x 1 Bottle
- Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid, 36% - 25 ml x 1 Bottle
- Sodium Hydroxide Solution 0.1N - 25 ml x 2 Bottles
- Sodium Chloride - 50 g x 1 Bottle
Materials needed but not supplied:
- (# 6135-3) Test Tubes 13 x 100 mm - 75 pcs
- (# 3742) Test Tube Rack - 15 pcs
- (# 6103-27) Funnel Glass - 15 pcs
- (# 6201-6) Filter Paper - 15 pks
Please note that the pictures below may show items not included in this kit, the pictures are there to show kit functionality. Please refer to the product details above for more information on the contents of this kit.
DOT: Small quantity exemption 173.4 This package conforms to 49 CFR 173.4 for domestic highway or rail transport only
*AP and the Advanced Placement Program are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board, which was not involved in the production of and does not endorse these products.
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This product may be shipped directly from the manufacturer and can arrive in a separate shipment. There can be a delay if the manufacturer does not have this item in stock.
If this product contains Chemicals, it can only be shipped via Ground. Please do not select any other shipping method. It will delay your order.
RETURNS NOT ACCEPTED: To ensure no contamination, we have a NO RETURN policy for this product. Absolutely NO RETURNS even if the box / container is unopened.
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